A fault-tolerant permutation network modulo arithmetic processor

Conventional fault-tolerant modulo arithmetic processors rely on the properties of a residue number system with L redundant moduli to detect up to L / 2 errors. In this paper, we propose a new scheme that combines r-out-of-s residue codes with Berger codes to concurrently detect any number of module errors without any redundant moduli. In addition, this scheme can tolerate L faults if L redundant moduli are used, and has the property of graceful degradation when the number of faulty moduli exceeds L. Finally, it is shown that the added cost for fault tolerance is much less than those were reported earlier in the literature.